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Iconographia Zoologica: memòria artística de la il.lustració animal
Posted by achv a 5 juliol 2011
Iconographia Zoologica va ser creada entre 1881 i 1883 mitjançant l’agrupació i classificació sistemàtica de quatre col.leccions diferents d’ il.lustracions zoològiques. La col.lecció més antiga va ser la del professor de veterinària de la Universitat d’Utrecht de , Th.G. van Lidth de Jeude (1788-1863), Atlas de Zoologia. En 1866, aquest Atles va ser comprat en una subhasta pel zoòleg RT Maitland (1823-1904) de l’Haia,el qual es va fusionar amb el seu Zoological Atlas propi. El 1881, Maitland va vendre tota la seva col.lecció a l’holandesa Dutch Royal Zoological Society Natura Artis Magistra. Els gravats i dibuixos ja en poder de la societat van ser afegits a la col.lecció, entre els quals trobem la col.lecció de Abraham Oltmans (1811-1873) comprada el 1868.
A partir de 1881, Maitland classificaria totes les imatges en un únic sistema i l’emmagatzema en 226 caixes de de fusta especialment fetes de cedre i pi. El 1888, les imatges que formen la col.lecció són de 1000 espècies de mamífers, 5.000 espècies d’aus, 2,000 espècies d’animals reptadors, 4.000 espècies de crustacis i moluscs, 16.000 espècies d’insectes i 2.000 espècies d’invertebrats, com cucs. Maitland utilitzaria el catàleg del British Museum of Natural History de Londres per a la denominació i classificació sistemàtica biològica tal com s’utilitzava en aquell moment.
Aquesta col.lecció constitueix un dels conjunts de gravats zoològics mes rellevants del segle XIX. La mida i l’estructura zoològica de Iconographia compta amb un nombre especialment elevat d’impressions realitzades amb una gran varietat de tècniques d’impressió, sovint acolorides a mà i que s’originen en publicacions zoològiques que daten dels segles XVII al XIV. Una col.lecció que té un immens valor pel patrimoni cultural i científic
Una selecció d’aproximadament 20.000 imatges han estat digitalitzades per la Memory of the Netherlands. En conjunt, aquests gravats i dibuixos constitueixen un banc de dades únic de paper de més de 80.000 il lustracions. La Biblioteca de la Universitat aspira a digitalitzar la resta de la col.lecció en nous projectes de futur.
Artis Library ha format part de la Universitat d’Amsterdam des de 1939 i des de 2005 ha constituit una de les Col.leccions Especials de la Biblioteca de la Universitat d’Amsterdam. Per saber-ne una mica mes el centre ha preprat una bibliografia de referència
Foto d’un quagga que va ser la zebra del sud d’Àfric L’últim exemplar va ser caçat el 1878. Afortunadament, hi havia un exemplar viu al Artis Zoo [Amsterdam]. Després de la seva mort el 12 d’agost de 1883, el quagga va desaparèixer per sempre de la superfície de la Terra.
Visiteu i admireu aquesta impressionant col.lecció artística:
Iconographia Zoologica: A Paper Animal Kingdom [imatges a Flickr]Font: Iconographia Zoologica (Sunday, July 03, 2011) BibliOdyssey Blog
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